Asbestos contamination was a prevalent issue in the past due to its extensive use in various industries, including construction. While the use of asbestos has been prohibited since 2003 in Australia, the presence of asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) in buildings, as well as the discovery of asbestos-contaminated soil, continues to be a concern for property owners and developers in Sydney.

In this article, we delve into the risks associated with asbestos-contaminated soil, the methods available for identifying and testing asbestos presence in soil, and the remediation techniques employed by professionals in safely managing and treating contaminated land. The importance of addressing this environmental hazard cannot be understated, as it directly impacts the safety of both people and the ecosystem.

1. Understanding the Risks of Asbestos in Soil

Asbestos-contaminated soil poses various health and environmental risks, primarily resulting from the disturbance and release of asbestos fibres into the air. When inhaled, these microscopic fibres can lead to severe health complications, including lung cancer, asbestosis, and mesothelioma.

Environmental risks include the potential contamination of groundwater, surface water, air, and adjacent properties with asbestos fibres. Additionally, asbestos-contaminated soil can also hinder future property developments and impact the value of affected land.

2. Identifying and Testing for Asbestos in Soil

Identifying asbestos in soil can be challenging due to its microscopic nature and the propensity for fibres to disperse and mix with other soil particles. Asbestos-contaminated soil may result from improper disposal of asbestos waste, demolition or renovation of buildings containing asbestos, or even natural weathering processes of ACMs.

Suspect soil samples must be collected by a trained professional to minimise the risk of inadvertent asbestos exposure. These samples are then sent to a NATA-accredited laboratory for analysis. The testing utilises techniques such as polarised light microscopy (PLM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to accurately detect and characterise the presence of asbestos fibres in the soil samples.

3. Site Risk Assessment and Asbestos Management Plan

Following the identification of asbestos-contaminated soil, a site risk assessment and Asbestos Management Plan (AMP) must be developed. The site risk assessment evaluates the potential exposure risks based on factors such as the asbestos type, concentration, soil usage, and potential for fibres to become airborne.

An AMP provides details on the site’s specific characteristics, describes the identified asbestos contamination, and outlines necessary remediation measures and monitoring strategies to ensure long-term safety. Furthermore, the plan should establish guidelines for engaging contractors and appropriate work health and safety (WHS) measures.

4. Asbestos Remediation Techniques

Several asbestos remediation techniques can be applied to address soil contamination, depending on the site-specific conditions and the risk assessment’s outcomes. These techniques are broadly categorised into containment or removal approaches:

4.1 Asbestos Containment and Encapsulation

Containment strategies aim to minimise the risk of asbestos fibres becoming airborne without removing the contaminated soil. This is achieved by installing a physical barrier, such as a geotextile membrane or soil capping, that isolates the asbestos-containing soil and prevents contact.

Encapsulation methods involve applying a stabilising agent or binding material to the contaminated soil to lock in the asbestos fibres and minimise their potential release. These approaches might be suitable for sites where removal of asbestos-contaminated soil is not feasible.

4.2 Asbestos Soil Removal and Disposal

Removal and disposal strategies involve excavating and handling asbestos-contaminated soil under controlled conditions, to prevent the generation and release of airborne asbestos fibres. The removed soil is then replaced with clean fill material, and the site’s surface is typically treated or stabilised to minimise soil erosion.

The excavated asbestos-contaminated soil must be disposed of in an EPA-approved landfill that accepts asbestos waste, in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Proper transportation, handling, and containment are essential when disposing of contaminated soil to minimise potential asbestos exposure and environmental harm.

5. Environmental Monitoring and Validation

Environmental monitoring and validation are crucial to ensuring the success and effectiveness of asbestos remediation efforts. The monitoring includes regular site inspections, air sampling, and studying potential asbestos migration pathways, such as stormwater runoff.

Upon completion of remediation works, a final validation report is prepared by an independent environmental consultant to confirm that the site has been successfully remediated and is safe for use. This report typically includes the findings of soil sample analysis, any ongoing monitoring requirements, site-specific risk assessments, and a summary of remediation works undertaken.

By understanding the complexities surrounding asbestos-contaminated soil, property owners and developers in Sydney can take comprehensive steps to ensure the safety of their environment. Engaging experienced professionals to conduct identification, testing, and remediation of contaminated soil is vital for safeguarding public health and mitigating environmental risks. Through diligent action and adherence to best practices, a safer and cleaner environment can be achieved in Sydney.

Conclusion

Tackling asbestos-contaminated soil is a critical task for ensuring the health and safety of both people and the Sydney environment. To effectively address this issue, property owners and developers should seek the help of experienced professionals for proper identification, testing, and remediation of the contaminated land.

Sydney City Asbestos specialises in providing comprehensive asbestos inspections and removal solutions, including soil testing, risk assessments, and remediation services to ensure a safe and clean environment. Our team of experts is committed to delivering industry-leading solutions, adhering to health and safety guidelines, and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards.

Don’t let asbestos-contaminated soil put your environment and people at risk. Contact Sydney City Asbestos today for a free consultation and regain confidence in the safety and value of your property.